Proceedings of International Conference on Psychological Studies (ICPsyche)
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Between Restriction and Liberation: Women’s Career Aspirations in Terms of Culture Perspectives in Asia
Women in Asia still experiencing difficulties in flourishing their career aspirations optimally due to strong cultural perspectives. This systematic literature review aims to explore the factors that influence Asian women’s career aspirations in various cultural settings. PRISMA 2018 was used in this study. Through Scopus, ScienceDirect, Springer, and Ebsco Host databases, we found eight articles that met the inclusion criteria after passing the article selection. This study resulted women’s career aspirations in Asia are influenced by internal enabler factors (including self-efficacy, career orientation, abilities and knowledge, need for usefulness, desire for family cohesion, and marriage prospects expectation), external enabler factors (including education, social support, contextual support, and cultural support), internal barrier factors (including fear of marriage prospects, beliefs on choice restrictions, and awareness of domestic roles), and external barrier factors (including social pressure, gender stereotype, peer conformity, financial hardship, and career consequences). Future research to examine women’s career aspirations in the wider cultural setting of various countries in Asia is needed.
Self-Talk as a Medium for Coping Stress for Female Employee: A Systematic Literature Review
An employee is required to provide high performance at work, especially for women who work at a certain level that making them have to be alert and give their best performance. A plenty of job demands make female employees very easily to expose to work stress. Therefore, a stress coping is needed to minimize the effects of stress on female employees. One of them is self-talk, which is an easy way that female employees can do to relax and restore mood. Self-talk is one kind of coping stress that is believed to be the easiest way for employees to do. This study will examine how effective self-talk as coping stress on female employees in terms of several published journal sources. PRISMA is used as a research method guideline. The databases used in the search for articles were Springer, Scient Direct, Scopus, and Google Scholar using the search keywords "self-talk" AND "coping stress" AND "work stress" AND "employees". Screening was carried out by applying inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Understanding the Academic Resilience of Students in Managing Coursework Responsibilities and The Rationale behind The Usage of ChatGPT
Background: The application of technology in this digital era is diverse, especially in the academic field. Students use AI tools to complete academic assignments for a variety of reasons. ChatGPT is one of the AI tools used. Study aims: The purpose of this study is to measure the academic resilience of graduate students and to investigate the rationale behind the decision of ChatGPT usage. Method: The mix-method was used in this study. The sample was determined using simple purposive sampling with criteria determined by the researchers. The quantitative data of this study was by distributing questionnaires about academic resilience using ARS-30 and analyzed it using SPSS 26.00. And for the qualitative data, the researchers used forum group discussion to investigate the rationale behind the decision of ChatGPT usage. Results: The findings showed that Academic Resilience affects how student manage their coursework responsibilities and how they use ChatGPT. Conclusion: The usage of ChatGPT has for academic purposes must be encouraged by emphasizing ethical and responsible manner.
An Overview Grit Implementation among Psychology Students at Private Universities
In studies, students will face some common problems, such as (a) not being able to complete their studies well, (b) giving up easily when facing learning difficulties, (c) getting a relatively low GPA, and (d) failing to adjust as a new student. This study aims to provide an overview of the implementation of Grit in Psychology students at a Private Universities. Angela Duckworth developed the Grit concept. Duckworth defines Grit as perseverance and passion for long-term goals. This research uses a descriptive quantitative method with a convenience sampling technique. The participants were 336 students, 46 males and 290 females (M: 38.37 and SD: 4.89). Researchers used a Grit scale measuring instrument developed by Angela Duckworth, consisting of 12 items. This measuring instrument is prepared based on two aspects of Grit: perseverance of effort and consistency of interest. Data collection in this study was conducted online using Google Forms. The data processing technique applied is descriptive statistics. The results showed that 243 respondents, or 72%, were classified as Quite Gritty. Meanwhile, 82 respondents, or 25%, have the quality of being classified as Gritty, and the other 3% are classified as not Gritty. Individuals with Quite Gritty refer to individuals who do not easily despair when experiencing difficulties and are persistent in trying to achieve goals. To improve their quality, students need assistance from academic advisors to develop their study plans.
Servant Leadership in Religious Boarding Schools Leaders: A Case Study
The role of a boarding school leader is complex as they serve as managers, educators, administrators, entrepreneurs, as well as substitute parental figures. The servant leader is one of the leadership styles that is considered appropriate in fulfilling the complexity of the role .This study aims to describe the uniqueness of applying servant leadership among religious-based boarding school leaders. An explanatory single-case study design was chosen, with data collected through directed group discussions and in-depth interviews. Data analysis followed the thematic analysis stages proposed by Braun & Clarke (2006). The research participants consisted of three individuals, including one principal, one vice principal, and one dormitory head, all of whom had more than three years of experience and were local residents (Mean Age = 32, Female = 0.33%, Male = 0.67%). Thematic analysis yielded the following results regarding the implementation of servant leadership in religious-based boarding schools: (1) Characteristics of Servant Leadership, (2) Driving Factors, (3) Implementation Methods, (4) Impact of Implementation, and (5) Implementation Challenges. The complexity of implementing servant leadership among servant leaders demonstrates significant outcomes for the development of the school community, including students, teachers, staff, and parents. The findings from the results of this study provide information that encourages future research related to the application of servant leadership in the world of education as a supporting factor for achieving educational goals and developing the role of a leader in fulfilling the complexity of their tasks.
Differences in Academic Self-Efficacy Levels in Terms of the Priority Choices of Graduate Profiles on College Students
Background: Students with good academic self-efficacy are reported to be able to handle academic stress and non-academic stress. To have academic self-efficacy needs to be supported by a clear higher education orientation. Furthermore, Universitas Diponegoro (UNDIP) has a graduate profile orientation called COMPLETE (Communicator, Professional, Leader, Thinker, Entrepreneur, Educator). Study aims: (1) to see differences in graduate profile choice priorities affect academic self-efficacy among UNDIP students and (2) explore other demographic factors that can affect academic self-efficacy. Method: This study uses a survey method with 2,889 first-year college students’ participants. The instrument used in this study was The Beliefs in Educational Success Test (BEST) and a priority survey that students wanted after graduate based on COMPLETE. Data analysis used in this study is the Independent Sample T-Test. Result: The results of this study found that students with a graduate profile orientation as a Leader (p = 0.000) had significantly higher academic self-efficacy compared to other graduate profile orientations. Furthermore, this study also found that gender (p= 0.019), differences in faculty clusters (p= 0.012), and scholarship ownership (p= 0.053) influenced academic self-efficacy in students. Conclusion: Differences in graduate profile orientation are proven to affect academic self-efficacy in students. These findings provide recommendations for campus policy holders, psychology practitioners, and further research to present appropriate programs and strategies in instilling graduate profile values in students.
“IPK EMPAT” Module Training to Improve Soft Skills among University Students
Background: There is a gap between the competencies of college graduates and the needs of the world of work. Universities are considered unable to meet expectations in the development of soft skills, so there is a need for efforts to increase student competence. Study aims: This study aims to fill the existing gaps related to graduate competencies and the expected competencies with the "IPK EMPAT" Module training. Method: The research design used was a pretest post-test control group design. There were 70 students in that became participants; 35 experimental groups and 35 control groups. The pre test was given before the training and the post test was given after the “IPK EMPAT” module training conducted. The collected data were processed by the U-Mann Whitney. Result: The results showed a significant difference (p = 0.000) between the experimental group (Mean Rank 53.00) and the control group (Mean Rank 18.00). Conclusion: The research hypothesis (Ha) was accepted, namely the “IPK EMPAT” training could improve students' soft skills. The results of this study provide optimism for improving soft skills with training.
The Effect of Adversity Intelligence and Academic Stress among Students
Students when facing many assignments from lecturers often experience academic stress. Students who are less able to control themselves and manage learning in doing assignments cause confusion even to stress. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of adversity intelligence on academic stress in college students. This research method uses a type of cross sectional. The population in this study was 186 new master students of the faculty of economics and business, Diponegoro University. The sampling technique in this study was using purposive random sampling technique. Data collection techniques in this study used questionnaires with 32 item the alpha coefficient for each instrument 0,415 – 0,732. The data analysis technique uses simple linear regression analysis. Data analysis with a simple linear regression test showed that there was a significant negative relationship between adversity intelligence and student academic stress. The higher the adversity intelligence, the lower the student's academic stress. Based on the results of the hypothesis using the multiple linear regression test in Table 3 it is known that the t value is -9.128 with a significance of .000. This value indicates that the hypothesis is accepted. It means adversity intelligence negatively and significantly related to academic stress. The effective contribution of adversity intelligence to academic stress was 31.2%. Conclusion, Adversity intelligence has a significant negative relationship with academic stress. The higher it is adversity intelligence, the lower the student's academic stress. On the contrary, lower adversity intelligence the higher the student's academic stress.
The Relationship Between Gender, Age, and Prosocial Behavior in College Students
Background: The last events of the pandemic, rapid advancements in technology, the never-ending demands of college student life, and the stress it has caused, may have changed the way the student's tendency to engage in prosocial behavior. Meanwhile, prosocial behavior has proved to increase students' well-being, sense of peace, and happiness, which combat all of that stress. Study aims: This study aims examine potential differences in prosocial behavior among college students based on gender and age. Method: This research utilizes a quantitative and cross- sectional study. Using convenience sampling, there are 193 participants aged between 19 to 24 years old, consisting of 30 men and 163 women. Result: Prosocial Behavior Scale (31 items, α=0,907) were used to collect the data, while Mann- Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis were used in the data analysis with the help of SPSS version 22. Conclusion: It was found that there is no significant correlation between gender (0.318, p <0.05), age (0.242, p < 0.05), and prosocial behavior in college students, this indicates that an individual's decision to engage in the act of helping and benefiting others are not determined by gender and age differences.
The Role of Culture in Student’ Career Aspirations: A Preliminary Study
Background: A person's future job expectations are a type of career aspiration that students should have. A good career plan will lead to the satisfaction of life's requirements. The values are transmitted by parents as well as the cultural context of playing a role in one's career aspirations. Study aims: The purpose of this study is to study a systematic review of the influencing factors and the impact of career aspirations on students with collectivism and individualism cultural backgrounds to identify the gaps that occur in the two cultures. Method: The PRISMA strategy is used as an approach in a systematic review. Selection of articles using inclusion criteria; (1) research articles in the last 10 years (2013-2023); (2) articles in English; (3) available in full text; and (4) using quantitative and qualitative methods. Article search using SpringerLink, Scopus, ScienceDirect, EBSCHO, JSTOR, Proquest , and Google Scholar databases. The keywords used are Aspirations and Careers, with a combination of Teenagers and Students. Conclusion: The basic review found that there were differences in the career aspirations of students with cultural backgrounds. The role of the family in determining student careers is stronger in collectivism culture than individualism. Personal interests are considered as the main thing in career aspirations in adolescents with a cultural background of individualism.
The Role of Parenting Practices on Bullying: A Systematic Literature Review
Research objectives: Examining the findings of studies on parenting and teenage bullying behavior is the goal of this study. This form of research uses a literature review methodology to examine pertinent articles. Articles from the Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, PDMP, Scopus, Degruyter, and Garuda databases were used in this literature study. Using the terms "adolescents", "parenting style", "bullying violence", "adolescents", and "pola foster care". The articles used are 9 articles published in the last 4 years. Results: The results of the analysis concluded that bullying is an act that hurts a person or group of people either in the form of physical, verbal, or psychological violence that is often difficult to avoid in a social environment. Factors causing bullying can be from interaction relationships in the family, peers both in the school environment and other environments, even from social media. The role of parenting is very important in adolescent development. Types of democratic, authoritarian and permissive parenting. Democratic parenting is characterized by being flexible, firm, fair, and logical. Authoritarian parenting is characterized by expecting absolute obedience and seeing that the child needs to be controlled. Finally, permissive parenting is characterized by allowing children to manage their own lives with a lack of parental control. In this study, the parenting style that is widely associated with bullying violence is authoritarian parenting. Authoritarian parenting will greatly affect the development of a child's personality such as children will develop into timid, lack of confidence, and feel worthless.
Parenting Self-Efficacy, Hardiness and Psychological Well-Being of Parents of Children with ASD
The aim of the study was to find the correlations between parenting self-efficacy, hardiness and psychological well-being in parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The research subjects were 125 participants, with 92 females (M=32, SD=6.2) and 33 males (M=36, SD=7), obtained using a purposive sampling technique from a population with the following criteria: parents of children with ASD who came from Yamet community in Central Java. Data was collected using the following scales: parenting self-efficacy (α=0.81), hardiness (α=0.84) and psychological well-being (α=0.91). The data was processed to test the hypothesis using multiple regression analysis techniques. The results are F-value: 41.22 > F table, and a significance level of 0.00 <0.05, so it can be determined that there is a significant association between parenting self-efficacy and hardiness in relation to the psychological well-being of parents with ASD children. The research shows no significant differences between the participant groups based on the analysis results using a different test (t-test) on participant demographic data. These results of the study can be used to formulate further research regarding interventions for parents of children with ASD based on the theory of parenting self-efficacy and hardiness because these approaches had effectively increased psychological well-being.
Drawing a Home: Insights on Child Attachment from the Bird’s Nest Drawing Test
Background: Attachment is a fundamental aspect of human development. Insecure attachment is associated with various negative outcomes, including mental health problems, relationship difficulties, and academic problems. Bird’s Nest Drawing (BND) is widely known as a projective test to assess attachment. Study aims: This review aimed to (1) critically assess BND and its interpretation toward various attachment styles and (2) examine BND's strengths and operational challenges and (3) provide insight into the cultural and contextual factors that may affect the interpretation of the test results. Method: This study is a literature review with a narrative synthesis approach. Eligibility criteria were accessed through the SPIDER framework. We focused on studies investigating the relationship between BND and attachment theory, with no age restrictions for participants. The authors followed Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal checklist to evaluate chosen literature's quality. A narrative synthesis was performed to extract information that can be compared or integrated. Result: Ten studies met the eligibility criteria. The results suggest that texture, colors, and narration following the drawings are strongly associated with attachment security, while other variables show weaker associations with attachment. Conclusion: The BND test is beneficial to explore individuals’ perception and attachment relationships, particularly with their primary caregiver. However, further studies are needed to assess interrater reliability for some themes and cultural context in BND interpretation.
Linkage of Mother's Childhood Adversity Experience and the Intergenerational Transmission of Parenting Violations: A Systematic Literature Review
Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are a crucial topic in family psychology because they have been linked to various negative outcomes later in life, such as mental health problems, substance abuse, and relationship issues. However, comprehensive research to assess how mother’s childhood adversity experience may influence the intergenerational trauma or transmission is urgently needed. The study focuses on how a mother's past adversity can impact her parenting behavior and contribute to the perpetuation of violations patterns across generations. Aims: This systematic literature review aims to critically assess the linkage of a mother's childhood adversity experience with the intergenerational transmission of parenting violations. Method: The authors searched for relevant publications using the primary databases JSTOR, Scopus, and ProQuest, and applied the SPIDER framework to establish the eligibility criteria. The studies that were incorporated into the analysis examined how mothers' ACEs are associated with the transfer of trauma to their parenting across generations, without imposing any age restrictions on the study participants. To assess the quality of the chosen literature, the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal checklist was used. A meta-synthesis was then carried out to collect data that could be compared or merged. Result: Thirteen (13) studies met the eligibility criteria. The results found association between maternal ACEs and their parenting violation, classified of ACEs experience, as well as describe the influence into the children development (e.g. academic performance) Conclusion: The findings of this systematic literature review highlight the significant impact of a mother's adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on the intergenerational transmission of parenting violations and their effects on child outcomes.
The Meaning of Parent-Child Closeness in The Digital Era
Background: The advancement of technology information in the digital era brings changes that affect parent-child relationship. Closeness with parents is considered an important thing that can help children dealing with conflict, life problems, and delinquent behaviors. Study aims: To describe the meaning of closeness between parent-child in the digital era. The research question are what the meaning of closeness to parents from children’s perspective who grew up in the digital era? Method: This research used a qualitative descriptive research approach and was analyzed by content analysis. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with subjects with the inclusive criteria The number of participants collected was 1256 students. Then, it was filtered into 1216 students who fit to the inclusive criteria. Data was collected by distributing an e-questionnaire instrument consisting of one closed and one open question. Result: The study found 9 themes about the meaning of parent-children closeness namely: establishing communication, guiding, building harmonization, providing comfort, love and affection, being a support system, a source of happiness, something valuable, and admiring parent’s character Conclusion: Research findings recommended as aspects in fostering closeness between parents and their children who grow up exposed to information technology in the digital era.
Dealing with Learning Loss during the Post-Pandemic: Understanding the Perspectives of Parents and Teachers
Learning loss has been assumed to happen during the pandemic and post-pandemic era. This study aims to explore teachers’ and parents’ understandings about learning loss and strategies to maximise students’ learning progress during the post-pandemic. 26 participants involved in this study with age mean (M) was 44.5 years old. Four focus group discussions involving parents and teachers (2 parent groups and 2 teacher groups respectively) discussed their understandings about learning loss and strategies to minimise it. Data was analysed using NVivo 12 Plus. Three themes were found: Possible causes, quality of learning, and strategies to overcome. The findings suggest that providing support, both emotional and practical, was expressed by teachers and parents to identify and mitigate the long-term consequences of learning loss as it created routine changes in children’s learning habits. The findings suggest that collaboration is the epitome of partnerships between parents and teachers.
Association between Parental Variables and Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy: A Systematic Literature Review
Career decision-making self-efficacy is an individual believe that they can complete tasks related to career decision-making. Many studies about CDMSE focusing on correlational research and case studies, but still lack studies focusing CDMSE with Systematic Literature Review (SLR). This study aims to determine the relationship between parental variables and career decision-making self-efficacy through SLR method. This study use Systematic Literature Review method by reviewing articles from 2016-2021 which published in Google Scholar, PubMed, and Semantic Scholar. The study design was using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Literature Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. After screening process with Rayyan, we found five relevant articles which state parental support had positive correlation with career decision-making self-efficacy. It is concluded that parental support can make teenagers believe that they can complete tasks related to making career decisions.
Social Support as A Protective Factor for Widows’ Resilience: A Systematic Literatur Review
The most difficult loss is the loss of a life partner. The death of a spouse is not easily accepted by individuals, especially by women, because they have to bear all the stressors. After the death of a spouse, widows make adjustments in carrying out multiple roles, facing negative stigma from society related to their widowhood. Resilience is needed by individuals to be able to survive in difficult circumstances. The ability of resilience in individuals depends on how much social support is obtained as an individual protective factor in dealing with pressure. This study aims to determine resilience in widows after the death of their spouse based on social support. This study uses a systematic literature review method by reviewing research articles published from 2013-2023, using online databases including Science Direct, Scopus, ResearchGate, Academia, SAGE Pub. Based on review, we have found 10 articles are strongly selected to be reviewed. The keywords used to search for articles were "Resilience Widows" and "Social Support” and “Widowhood". The purpose of this study is was to determine the social support received by widows. The research design uses the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The criteria for articles reviewed are international based articles, using qualitative, quantitative and mix method with widow participants. The results found that the social support that widows need is social support that comes from family and relatives with the availability of sympathy, worry and attention to helps widows get through the grieving process and reduce the negative consequence of loss. Therefore, social support has an important role as a protective factor for widows' resilience in managing stressors and helping the proactive coping process.
A Mapping Study of Psychological Preparedness in Dealing with Extreme Temperature Changes and Natural Disasters
Background: Natural disasters and extreme temperature changes are increasing every year in various parts of the world. Disasters and extreme temperatures have physical, material, and psychological impacts on society. Because of the local community's low psychological readiness, this impact frequently causes mental health problems. Study Aims: This study aims to reveal research mapping related to psychological preparedness for natural disasters and extreme temperatures in population groups in Indonesia and in non-Indonesia countries. Method: The method used in this study is a systematic literature review (SLR) of psychological preparedness, disaster, and climate change-related extreme temperature research. Data collection was carried out with the PoP8 software and the PRISMA chart. The research data were analyzed by bibliometric visualization and narrative analysis with the VOS Viewers software. There are 60 eligible articles for analysis. Result: 1) Disaster research in the world has increased in the last ten years, but there is a decreasing trend in 2020-2022 due to a focus on the COVID-19 pandemic. 2) Disaster studies in non-Indonesia countries and in Indonesia differ. non-Indonesia countries research focuses on disaster anticipation and post-disaster management. Meanwhile, in Indonesia is focusing on the psychological impact of disasters, environmental damage, and non-psychological disaster preparedness. 3) Research on psychological preparedness and risk perception in foreign countries is developing quite rapidly. In Indonesia, studies regarding the identification of risk factors and efforts to overcome disasters based on local wisdom are quite prevalent. Conclusion: According to the findings of these studies, there hasn't been much research on psychological preparedness for disasters in Indonesia. This indicates that the opportunity to conduct psychological preparedness research in Indonesia is still open and needed.
Adolescent’s Attitude to Cigarettes and Smoking Behavior in Kota Kretek
Background: Smoking is a negative behavior that should be stopped or, at least, avoided, as it will negatively affect both physical and mental health. Regarding this, one of the factors influencing adolescents to try smoking is their surroundings. In Indonesia, for example, Kudus is a city where kretek cigarette is found; in this city, cigarette companies are established and are running now. Study aims: this study aims to analyze adolescent attitudes to cigarettes and smoking behavior. Method: Research participants were adolescents aged 15-19 from 9 districts in Kudus. The types of schools taken were public schools, schools under the Muhammadiyah Foundation, schools under the Nahdhatul Ulama Foundation, and schools under the PGRI Foundation. Sampling method using quota sampling. Forty-four youths were interviewed in this study. Data collection through an open-ended questionnaire based on attitude theory by Azwar. Data was gathered in January 2022 in this city, and they were analyzed by using descriptive analysis. Result: The result of this study involved several aspects, including cognitive, affective, and conative, as shown by the participants. In this study, cognitive dissonance theory was applied to the young smokers in Kudus. However, behavioral belief also circulates in the community that smoking is acceptable. Conclusion: This research can be a basic description of the condition of adolescents in Kota Kretek from all regions. Further research could be carried out with more specificity, depth and a larger number of young participants in Kota Kretek.
Religiosity and Mental Health: A Case Study
Depression is a mood disorder characterized by hopelessness then heartbreak, helplessness, excessive and unable to decide to start an activity, then unable to concentrate, not having the spirit of life, and in the final stage trying to commit suicide. Depressive symptoms are a collection of behaviors and feelings that can be specifically classified as depression. Symptoms of depression are at least seen from three aspects, namely physical symptoms, psychic symptoms, and social symptoms. Some people have a negative stigma about individuals affected by mental disorders such as depression, some studies show data on affected individuals exposed to negative stigma, one of which was shown by McLean Hospital in 2020 which showed that 75% of individuals with mental disorders had been stigmatized by society. The stigma given by society related to people who have a mental disorder is very diverse, ranging from so-called insane, people who do not have reason, and so on, but the highlight in this study is the stigma from society against people affected by mental disorders is the stigma that those who experience depression or other mental disorders that they lack faith, lack of prayer, lack of belief in God, and various other stigmas, this is then exacerbated by "religious figures" who sometimes give the same stigma and do not provide solutions to what is being felt by people who are affected by mental disorders. The results showed that faith can be a factor that can improve the mental health of an individual.
Religiosity and Stress Level on Pregnant Women
Pregnancy can be a stressful time for women as they prepare for the physical and emotional changes that come with childbirth. Religiosity has been found to have a significant impact on stress levels in various populations. This study aims to understand the relationship between religiosity and stress level of pregnant women. It is a quantitative research. The study included 53 Muslim pregnant women participants. Data was taken using the Religiosity Scale and Stress Level Scale. The data was analyzed by product moment analysis correlation. The result of the analysis showed a negative and strong correlation between religiosity and stress levels, with a coefficient correlation (rxy)= -0,894 (p<0,01) and a coefficient determination of 0,796. Based on this data, it was concluded that religiosity contributed effectively to the stress levels of Muslim pregnant women by 79,6%. The hypothesis was proven, that there was a relationship between religiosity and stress level among Muslim pregnant women. The study underscores the importance of understanding the complex interplay between religion and mental health. The findings suggest that religiosity can be an effective factor in reducing stress levels in Muslim pregnant women.
Long-Distance, Strong Connection: Shaping Family Resilience in the Face of Long-Distance Marriage
A long-distance marriage occurs when a married couple lives separately for various reasons but remains committed to keeping their marriage intact. Despite the separation, they still maintain their marriage by maintaining marital satisfaction above distance and physical contact limitations. This study explores marital satisfaction in commuter marriage couples through family resilience in dealing with marital circumstances while living apart. The research method used was a systematic literature review using PRISMA guidelines. Several databases were used to search for articles: Proquest, Science Direct, Ebscohost, Scopus, and Sagepub. The inclusion criteria used in this study include journal articles published in English and open access, articles that discuss family resilience in long-distance marriages, articles that focus on couples who travel apart at least three nights per week for at least three months, articles published between 2013-2023, and research that uses quantitative, qualitative and by using the keywords "marital satisfaction" AND "resilience" AND "long distance marriage" OR "commuter marriage" AND "quality". From the search, 4348 articles were found, and 8 articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected. The results showed that married life with couples living apart could maintain marital satisfaction due to family resilience. The process of family resilience in commuter marriage couples can be formed due to several protective factors, such as commitment, effective communication, family support, openness, positive coping, mutual support, collaborative conflict resolution, face- to-face meetings, socializing, health and trust.
From Western to The Eastern Countries, then to Indonesia: A Scoping Review of Family Harmony Theories and Research
Purposes: The research questions of this research were 1) How was the development of family harmony theory? and 2) How were the researches on family harmony in Indonesia? Methods: This study uses Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews for Protocols 2015 (PRISMA-P 2015) as a guideline. Search strategy in this study employs eight electronic databases resources, namely: Garuda Ristekdikti, Sage, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Springerlink, ERIC, Emerald and psycINFO. The analyzed data were 56 articles which met the data eligibility. Result: First, research on family harmony began on 1980 with Moose and Moose theory regarding environmental family, then relational theory and family strength in the west then it was developed in the east. The concept of family harmony emerged with different determinants depending on the research context. Second, based on qualitative studies in Indonesia, found that family harmony have different definition, and determinants from another cultures. Beside, the quantitative research about family harmony in Indonesia are correlation methods with another variabels and need to development research about family harmony with indigenous determinant in Indonesian context. Application/Value/Originality: Family harmony concept in west and east cultures have different definition and determinants.
Altruism Viewed from Self-Compassion and the Role of Fathers in Students
Many pupils act alone, seem solitary, and do not depend on others. In this study, students of psychology of Universitas Diponegoro judgments of fatherhood and self-compassion are compared to their levels of altruism to see how they correlate. The idea is that there is a correlation between college students' levels of self-compassion, paternity perceptions, and generosity. 40 students on 4th semester from the Faculty of Psychology took part in this study. The self-compassion scale, the perceived fatherhood scale, and the altruism scale were all used in the data collection process. Multiple linear regression is used in the data analysis technique. The findings of student study must start to take on an altruistic attitude because they must be able to empathize with a difficult problem. With the ability to empathize, they find it simpler to approach and investigate the subject's concerns. Additionally, they must exhibit traits of altruism include a low level of egoism, a sense of social duty, and an internal center of control.
The Influence of Self Efficacy and Psychological Well Being on Work Performance among Employees of Bank X in Semarang
Background: the current era of globalization is increasingly competitive and the banking industry is one of the sectors that is most affected. Bank employees are faced with demands to work effectively and efficiently, especially in the face of increasingly fierce competition. Therefore, it is important for bank employees to have the ability to manage stress, improve self-confidence, and ablity to achieve desired work goals, while psychological well-being will be help to employees manage stress, improve psychological well-being, and increase work performance. Study aims: this study aims to determine the influence of self-efficacy and psychological well-being on work performance among employees of Bank X in Semarang. Method: This research method uses a quantitative method with a research instrument using a likert scale questionnaire. The measuring tools used General Self Efficacy Scale adapted from Schwarzer and Jerusalem (10 items, α = 0.91), Psychological Well-Being Scale adapted from Ryff and Keyes (30 items, α = 0.90) and Individual Work Performance Scale adapted from Koopmans (18 items, α = 0.85). The sampling technique used in this research is cluster random sampling technique with a sample of 75 employees. Data analysis technique used multiple regression analysis through the Jamovi for window application. Result: this research indicate that there is a significant positive influence between self efficacy and psychological well-being on work performance among employees of Bank X in Semarang.
Social Support and Parental Stress Among First-time Mother
Background: Being a mother is difficult because caring for the child is one of her responsibilities. When caring for children, mothers continue to do household chores in daily activities. Suppose the mother needs social support from people around her while carrying out her responsibilities. In that case, the mother will experience parental stress because she feels unloved and valued, so she cannot carry out her duties. The study aims: to find out the relationship between social support and parental stress in first-time mothers. Method: This research is a quantitative study with a correlational design and using a non-probability sampling technique. The study involved 110 first-time mothers aged 20-40. The measuring instruments used are the Social Provisions Scale (SPS) with the total items used in this study were 19 items (α = 0.98) and Parental Stress Scale (PSS) with total items used in this study were 14 items ( α = 0.913). Result: Spearman correlation test results obtained values ​​of r = -0.474 and p = 0.000 (p<0.05), which showed a significant negative relationship between social support and parental stress in first-time mothers. It means that the higher the social support it has, the lower the parental stress experienced by first-time mothers or vice versa. Conclusion: Most of the participants in this study had high social support and low parental stress.
Self Esteem and Fear of Intimacy in Emerging Adult with Divorced Parents
Fear of intimacy is a barrier that prevents emerging adults from having intimate relationships, especially with the opposite sex. This study aims to obtain information and determine the relationship between self-esteem and fear of intimacy in emerging adult with divorced parents. The number of participants in this study was 74 emerging adults who experienced parental divorce with an age range of 18-25 years. This study uses a quantitative research design (correlational). The scale measuring instrument used in this study is the Fear of Intimacy Scale (FIS) developed by Descutner and Thelen (1991) and the Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (RSES) developed by Rosenberg (1979). The results of this study state that there is a significant negative relationship between self- esteem and fear of intimacy in emerging adults with divorced parents. The correlation coefficient value obtained was r = -0.808 and p = 0.000 (p<.05). According to the results of the research that has been done, it can be concluded that the research hypothesis is accepted. Intercorrelation analysis data between aspects, different test, and demographic correlation test (gender and age of parental divorce) will be discussed further.
Mindfulness Modification Training to Reduce College Student Anxiety in Dealing with Thesis
Each student will experience anxiety when working on a thesis. In this study, students writing their theses in the sixth semester of the Faculty of Psychology at Diponegoro University will be tested to discover if modified mindfulness can lower anxiety levels. The participants in this study were 15 students on 6th semester from the Faculty of Psychology at Universitas Diponegoro. The Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HRS-A) pretest and posttest anxiety scale was employed as the data collection tool. One group test experiment serves as the study methodology. It is possible to infer from the Paired Samples T-test findings that the variance of the data is homogeneous or equal because there are a known number of p values that are 0.425 > 0.05. The value of 0.959 > 0.05 or 0.672 > 0.05 is well recognized in assumption checks. It can be said that the pretest data is usually distributed as a result. The study's findings support the idea that students writing theses experience much lower anxiety levels when they participate in a modified mindfulness training program that incorporates progressive muscle relaxation. To boost the effectiveness and usage of mindfulness modification to lessen anxiety in students working on their final project, this research has to be improved.
Do you really want to speak? Antecedent of Voice Behavior in Organization
Background: Voice behavior refers to the behavior that proactively communicates ideas, suggestions, attention, and information about organizational-related issues to promote organizational effectiveness. Employees are often reluctant to voice their thoughts out of fear of negative consequences, such as a threat to their career position and status quo. Study aims: To describe the factors influencing employees to voice their opinions. Method: 151 employees from various organizations voluntarily agreed to participate in this study (Xage=30.42, SDage: 7,683, Ma= 43.7%; F=56.3%) by filling out an open questionnaire on voice behavior. Data analysis was performed using NVivo 12 Plus. Result: Thematic analysis showed that four factors were evident: motivation, organization, individual, and situational. They served as inhibiting and supporting factors for voice behavior. Conclusion: There are four factors that motivate or inhibit employee voice behavior: motivational, organizational, situational, and personal. Aside from personal factors such as self-confidence and fear, the findings suggest that supervisors, workload, and opportunity can also both motivate and inhibit employees' voice behavior.
The Use of Art Therapy for Reducing Self-Injury Behavior: A Systematic Review
Self-injury behavior is one way for individuals to escape from their problems, but this method tends to be harmful because it is self-defeating. This behavior is referred to as self-injury but this behavior does not have the individual's intention to commit suicide. This behavior occurs in all circles, including adolescents and adults. This paper aims to describe art therapy's effectiveness in reducing self-injury behavior, while the research method uses a systematic literature review method. Journal searches were conducted using databases such as Pubmed, Google scholar, ScienceDirect, NCBI, Crossref, and Scopus using the keywords (“self-injury”) AND (“behavior”) AND (“art therapy”). Inclusion criteria in this research are a) English or Indonesian language journals, b) published in 2011-2022, and c) using quantitative, qualitative, experimental, or other research methods. The results of analysis on the selected articles showed that art therapy intervention can be applied to reduce distress and depression that causes individual to engage in self-injury behavior.
Humility Research Trend in One Decade (2013-2023) and Future Research Directions: Bibliometric Analysis
Humility makes people to have attachments and increases empathy. People with humility would be open and consider the opinions and beliefs of others. This study aims to identify and analyze the research trend of humility in one decade. This study used literature review with a bibliometric approach. SCOPUS was used as the database for this study and used humility as the main keyword. The analyses used VOSviewer and Microsoft Excel. The bibliometric analysis included document type, authorship, institution, subject area, growth trend, and future research directions. The 6 clusters explained that humility is discussed in various fields such as individual characteristics, personality, culture, religiosity and spirituality, and leadership or organization. For future research, it is expected that researchers can discuss humility related to the topics mentioned in the discussion section.
Depression in Indonesian Adults with Diabetes Mellitus: A Descriptive Study from The Population-Based Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS)
Background: Indonesia is included in the top ten countries worldwide with the highest prevalence of diabetes cases. Diabetes is a persistent condition that cannot be fully treated and can cause complications, amputations, and mortality. Living with diabetes is associated with negative emotions, including depression. Study aims: The primary objective of this research is to detect depression among individuals with diabetes mellitus in Indonesia. Method: Data from the 2014 Indonesia Family Life Survey were used in this study. Adults with diabetes mellitus were included in this research, with complete socio-demographic and depression scale data. The 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale was used to measure depression symptoms. The data underwent analysis through descriptive analysis, independent sample t-test, and ANOVA. The Result: The research included 566 adults with diabetes mellitus, and 114 (20.1%) of them displayed symptoms of depression. The average age of the subjects was 51.97 years, and the average duration of diabetes was 4.17 years, with 309 (54.6%) of them being female. There were no differences in depression levels between gender (t=0.891, p> 0.05) or in the length of time since diagnosis (t= 1.023, p> 0.05). In contrast, there were age group differences (F = 4.950, p < 0.01); these differences were between early adult groups with middle and late adult group, but not between middle and late adults. Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus patients frequently experience depression. It is crucial to give equal importance to managing both conditions simultaneously to enhance the overall well-being and health outcomes of these patients.
The Application of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in Drug Abuse Victims
Background: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) is an appropriate therapy to be applied as a mental treatment for patients who have become victims of drug abuse, with a focus not only on cognition but also on patient behaviour. With CBT, individuals will be able to think rationally and prevent relapse. Research Objective: This study aims to gather sufficient data on the application of cognitive behaviour therapy for individuals addicted to drugs. Research Method: This study is a literature review. The authors used the PRISMA extraction form. The search for studies was conducted on databases published after January 1, 2013, and carried out for one week, from April 10th to April 17th, 2023 (excluding Saturdays and Sundays). The search was conducted on the following databases: Science Direct, Springer, and IPI (Portal Garuda) with Scopus Q1 and Q2 index standards and Sinta 4, using keywords. Inclusive and Exclusive Criteria This literature review will highlight the application of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) in Drug Abuse Victims, thus the established criteria are research articles on (1) the application of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) in Drug Abuse Victims, and (2) the outcomes of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) in Drug Abuse Victims. The search was limited to studies published in English and Indonesian, after January 1, 2013 (the past 10 years). Results: Various literature indicates that in their research, there is a significant influence with the implementation of patient treatment methods using cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) for drug abuse victims as a step towards recovery and reduction of substance abuse and alcohol addiction. Furthermore, other findings suggest that CBT can reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety in individuals who are victims of drug abuse.
Humility And Psychological Well-Being of Hospital Employees
Psychological well-being (PWB) is an individual ability to accept themselves, have openness, have the motivation to achieve goals and be able to build good relationships with others. This study aims to determine the effect of humility on psychological well-being in organizational settings. This study used purposive sampling on hospital employees in Semarang. For measuring variables used Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scales (α=.815; 16 items) and McElroy’s Humility Scales (α=.839; 44 items). The study participants amounted to 165 people (111 women; 54 men; STDage = 3.045). Participants have educational backgrounds in High School (N=9), Undergraduate (N=151), and Graduate (N=5). Humility influences psychological well-being in hospital employees. The higher the level of humility, the higher the psychological well-being of hospital employees. The dominance of humility and psychological well-being levels in hospital employees is in the medium to high category
A Descriptive Study of Work-life Integration on Full-time Employees Implementing Flexible Working Arrangements
Flexibility in the workplace is one of the big changes we have seen in the post-pandemic world of work. Unfortunately, this new system is still poorly understood. As suggested by the spillover theory, one of the consequences is that the boundary between work and personal life will be a blur. Hence, the exploration of this issue is essential to be explored to help organisations to implement favourable policies accordingly. The aim of this study is to explore work-life integration (WLI) on full time employees implementing flexible working arrangement (FWA). This study utilised a quantitative approach, in which an online questionnaire using the Work-Life Boundary Enactment Scale was sent to 122 full-time employees, aged 21-50 years old, who are actively implementing FWA. Work-life integration levels were evaluated by age groups, genders, length of FWA implantation, work from office frequency. Among 122 respondents, 109 were eligible for data processing. Overall, the result indicated that the level of WLI for full-time employees implementing FWA was average (M=4.14). Though it is worth noting that the work-to-life segmentation (M=4.55) is higher than life-to-work (M= 3.73). Furthermore, we found that for work-to-life segmentation was higher for Gen Y, employees who have been implementing FWA for > 1 year, and who go into work for <1 day, 2 days, 4 days per week. On the other hand, the significant findings we found in the other segmentation was that Gen X and employees who had WFO frequency for 1 day/week had low Life to Work levels. These results are hoped to give organisations a better understanding on employee’s WLI to more effectively implement FWA.
The Relationship Between Executive Function with Learning Agility in Police Officers
Background: Learning agility is the willingness to learn from experiences and apply those learnings to new situations. Agile knowledge profoundly impacts performance, so several companies are incorporating it into their learning strategy. In comparison, cognitive processes and behaviors indicate learning agility. Learning agility has been used in many companies as an essential consideration for selecting high-potential talent. The study aims: This study aimed to determine the relationship between executive function and learning agility in police officers. Method: The research method used is a correlational quantitative method with Spearman as a data analysis technique. The research participants are 107 police officers. Data collection on learning agility uses a learning agility scale (17 items, α=0,922), and executive function uses a neuropsychological test tool. Result: Based on the results of the analysis test between executive function and learning agility on police officers with the Digit Span Backwards, Stroop Test, Trail Making Test A & B, Ruff's Five-point test, and the Verbal Fluency Test shows that there is no significant negative relationship between executive function and learning agility Conclusion: Based on the analysis of the data, it was found that there is an essential relationship between executive function and learning agility in police officers.
Phubbing in Workplace: The Effect to Employees’ Work Engagement
Employees’ work engagement plays a significant role in enhancing the sustainability and performance of the company in industrial sector. However, phubbing can have a negative impact on employees' work engagement, as it can lead to reduced productivity in the workplace. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive investigation for the impact of phubbing on negative employee outcomes, such as reduced work engagement. The data was collected using a snowball sampling strategy. A total of 221 employees from Indonesia were included as participants in the study, ranging in age from 18 to 39 years (M = 26.9, SD = 3.35). Among the participants, 66% were working in private sector companies, 26% were employed in government offices, and the remaining 32% worked in other sectors. The Generic Scale of Phubbing (Indonesian Version) (15 item, α = 0.91) and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-9 (UWES-9) (Indonesian Ver.) (9 item, α = 0.91) were used to measure the variables. The quantitative research method utilized regression analysis via JASP 0.17 for MacOS Catalina to determine the relative strength between two variables. This research indicate that phubbing in workplace negatively influences work engagement on employee. 25.1% of the changes in work engagement on employee is due to phubbing behavior in workplace, and the remaining 74.9% comes from other variables. The higher the tendency of employees to phubbing, the lower their work engagement, vice versa.
The In-law Intercultural Relations: A Phenomenological Study
Background: Family has a special role as the source of one's happiness. In Indonesia, with its various cultures, it is common to find a nuclear family joining the extended family in the same place of residence so that the relationship between a son or daughter-in-law with parents-in-law is intensely intertwined. Study aims: This research aimed to understand the experiences of a son or daughter-in-law in intercultural relations with parents-in-law. Method: The research was designed with a phenomenological approach. Participant inclusion criteria include a) male/female originating from outside Java; b) being married for 1 – 5 years; and c) having parents-in-law who come from the Javanese tribe. Based on these criteria, the study involved five participants (two women, and three men). Data collection using semi-structured interviews. Afterward, the analysis technique uses Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Result: The results found that there were three main themes, namely (1) perceptions of parents-in-law's remark, (2) adjustment to culture, and (3) meaning of experience. The partner certainly participates in the psychological dynamics that are unique to each participant. Conclusion: The research has implications for the urgency of readiness and willingness, both for the son or daughter-in-law and the parents-in-law, in building assertive communication within the framework of intercultural relations.
Stay Connected: People Involved in Friendships with the Elderly in Nursing Homes
Background: Relationships with friends have an impact on the physical and psychological health of elderly people. Older people living in nursing homes can have a great opportunity to make broader social networks. Study aims: This study aims to identify people who are involved and the barriers regarding friendships of the resident of nursing homes. Method: The method used in this study is a literature review of existing research on friendship in nursing homes in three scientific article databases including Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Emerald. Result: The studies reviewed were conducted in various countries including Australia, Netherlands, Turkey, United Kingdom, and United States. Friendships that exist in nursing homes do not only occur between fellow residents. The elderly who are living in nursing homes also make friends with caregivers, health workers, daily visitors and their old friend. There are several obstacles for the elderly in nursing homes in making friends including limited physical conditions, dementia, trust issues, age and gender gaps, preferences, and an unfriendly environment. Conclusion: Seniors in nursing homes can make friends with fellow residents, staff, and old friends. However, there are also many elderlies who find it difficult to have close friends in nursing homes.
Organizational Commitment to Minang Organization Management in Sintang City
Background: Organizational commitment is an important thing for every member who joins the organization. One of the things to be able to see organizational commitment in members of the organization is when the organization is having problems. Study aims: This study aims to find out what factors form the basis of someone's organizational commitment who survives in an organization that is having problems and how to control the organizational commitment they have. Method: respondents of this study were the management of the Minang Family Association in Sintang City who faced organizational problems and also problems that attacked individual members of the organization. This study uses a qualitative approach with interview and observation methods as a tool for collecting data. Result: Describe briefly about study findings. Conclusion: there are five things that become a factor for someone to stay in an organization when the organization is having problems, namely affective commitment, normative commitment, continuance commitment, socio-culture, and religiosity. The way that someone does to exercise control over their commitments so that they remain strong when the organization has problems is to regard existing problems as something that is normal for everyone to face and not make problems a burden but make problems as encouragement and improve themselves and the organization to be able to grow to be better.
Reliability and Factorial Structure of Indonesian Version of the Somatic Symptom Disorders – B Criteria Scale (SSD-12) in Undergraduate Students Sample
Background: Somatic symptom disorder (SSD) was one of prevalent mental health problems in community and clinical population, yet the prevalence among university students was still underexplored. A screening tool to assess SSD among university students is critical to enhance the mental health service provision in university settings. Study aims: This study aims to validate the Indonesian version of the Somatic Symptom Disorders – B Criteria Scale (SSD-12) as mental health screening tool in university student sample. Method: Forward-backward translation was conducted followed by content validity examination. A number 277 undergraduate students filled in the SSD-12 during the field test (85.5% was female, M= 19.7; SD= 1.44). Descriptive statistics, Cronbach’s Alpha reliability analysis, Pearson’s correlation, and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted to determine and examine item and scale characteristics, reliability, item-rest correlation, and factorial structure of the scale. Result: The result showed that the SSD-12 had excellent reliability as full-scale (α= .907) and had moderate and good reliability at sub-scale level (.693, .837, and .858 for cognitive, affective, and behavioral sub-scale. Confirmatory factor analysis showed acceptable fit indices for one-factor model (CFI=0.938; TLI=0.921; RMSEA=0.086; 90% CI= 0.071-0.102) and good fit indices for three-factors model (CFI=0.968; TLI=0.957; RMSEA=.064; 90% CI= 0.047-0.081). Conclusion: The Indonesian version of SSD-12 was valid and reliable to be used as screening instrument in Indonesian university student sample.
Assessing Attachment Using Projective Tests: A Scoping Review on Adolescent and Adult Studies
Background: Projective assessment has been widely used in clinical settings to reveal personal characteristics, including relationship attachment. However, more often attachment was observed in children, rather than older groups. Study aims: The present study aims to conduct scoping review on projective test that had been used to assess a parent-child attachment reported by adolescents and adults. Method: We search original articles in ScienceDirect, Scopus, EBSCOhost, Proquest and Emerald Insight. Initial search resulted 2447 articles, but after selection process was done, finally there are 11 articles to be reviewed. Results: Three projective tests had been used frequently to assess attachment on adolescents and adults were: 1) the Adult Attachment Picture System (AAP); (2) the Bird’s Nest Drawings (BND); and (3) the Draw-a-person test (DAP). These tools were predominantly developed in US and European cuntries. Similar tools validated in Asian countries is very imited. Conclusion: Future studies, particularly outside US and Eurpean countries, need to validate these measures prior to the study.